Imyumvire n’imitekerereze nk’intandaro y’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga

Nubwo ikoranabuganga rikoreshejwe neza rifite byinshi byiza rifasha abantu mu buzima bwa buri munsi, ariko iyo ridakoreshejwe neza ni kimwe mu bishobora gutiza umurindi ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina (Tech-Facilitated GBV).

Imyumvire, imitekerereze n’imigirire abantu bavuka bakisangamo (Harmful Social & Gender norms), ishingiye ku bubasha bugena uko umugabo cyangwa umugore yitwara mu muryango runaka. Iyi myumvire niyo igenga ibitekerezo byacu, uko tubona cyangwa twumva ibintu, uko tubana n’abandi hamwe n’ibyemezo dufata mu buzima bwa buri munsi yaba ibyacu n’iby’abo tubana. Gusa icyiza nuko nayo ikura ikagera igihe ikanasaza.

Akenshi iyo myumvire, imitekerereze n’imigirire usanga itera ubusumbane ku buryo biba imbarutso y’uko hari abashobora gukorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ryibasira igitsina gore akenshi, rimwe na rimwe bakumva ko ari ko byagakwiye kugenda kuko ari uko icyo bita “umuco” bakuze basanga umeze bityo ugasanga nta mahitamo bafite.

Imitekerereze y’abantu benshi ituma bumva ko umugore wavugiye ku mu ruhame aba yabaye inshyanutsi cg nyirandabizi, abandi bakumva ko umugabo ari we ugomba kugira ijambo rya nyuma mu rugo bitabaye ibyo akaba ari inganzwa. Iyo myumvire rero niyo iva mu buzima busanzwe ikagera no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.

Hari n’abumva ko umugore agomba guhora yiteguye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina igihe cyose umugabo abishakiye bikanahura no kumva ko ari igikoresho cyo gushimisha umugabo bityo bigatuma buri wese yumva afite ububafasha bwo kuvuga cyangwa gukoresha amafoto/amashusho y’umugore uko abishatse igihe cyose abishakiye, ari nabyo dukunze kubona ku mbunga nkoranyambaga byo guhererekanya amashusho y’ubwambure akenshi byibasira igitsina gore.

Mu rwego rwo guhangana no kugaragaza iki kibazo, muri Kamena, Umuryango nyarwanda uharanira kwimakaza ihame ry’uburinganire no kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, umugabo abigizemo uruhare (RWAMREC), watangije ubukangurambaga bwitwa ‘Be Safe Ku Mbuga’, bugamije gukangurira abantu kwirinda ihohoterwa rikorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa wa RWAMREC, Fidèle Rutayisire, avuga ko imitekerereze, imyumvire n’imigirire rimwe na rimwe igira ingaruka zishobora kubyara ihohotera.

Ati “Iyo umukobwa cyangwa umugore ari umwe mu baharanira uburenganzira bw’abagore (feminist) akenshi aribasirwa, bavuga bati uriya n’inshinzi, avuga menshi, nta muco. Ibyo byose ni ihohoterwa rikorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga kandi bifite aho bihuriye na ya myumvire, imitekerereze n’imigirire, uburyo turebamo abantu, dukoresha imitungo, ububasha ku mbuga nkoranyambaga byose bifite aho bihuriye.”

Ikoranabuhanga ririmo ibice bibiri, kuko harimo irikoresha murandasi n’iridakoresha murandasi, hose hakaba hakorerwa iryo hohoterwa.

Kuba mu Rwanda harimo abarenga 1,900,000 bakoresha ikoranabuhanga ririmo irya telefone ndetse n’imbuga nkoranyambaga, bituma iryo hohotera na ho rihagaragara.

Zimwe mu ngero zigaragara mu Rwanda ni uburyo ikoranabuhanga rishobora gukoreshwa umuntu yibasirwa, abwirwa amagambo mabi amukomeretsa, aterwa ubwoba, bigakorwa mu buryo buhoraho (Cyber Bullying), ryakorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rikoresha murandasi iridakoresha murandasi.

Hari kandi ihohoterwa rishobora gukorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga hasakazwa amafoto cyangwa amashusho y’ubwambure n’urukozasoni by’umuntu runaka, bukaba ari uburyo bukorwa hifashishijwe murandasi cyangwa n’uburyo busanzwe budakoresheje murandasi (Revenge porn).

Irindi ni irikorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga hagasakazwa amakuru bwite y’umuntu nk’imyirondoro cg amakuru y’umuryango we n’ibindi (Doxing), hakaba ubundi bwitwa Cyber stalking, aho rikorwa binyuze mu gukurikirana amakuru yerekeranye n’ubuzima bw’umuntu mu buryo buhoraho nko guhuza telephone yawe n’undi muntu atabizi.

Ubu bwoko bwose bukaba buhuriye ku kuba byose bikorwa nta burenganzira ababikora bahawe na nyir’ubwite, ari na bwo bihita bibyara ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga kuko akenshi usanga byibasira igitsina gore (TFGBV).

Ni ba nde bibasirwa cyane kurusha abandi?

Nubwo ubwo bwoko bw’ihohoterwa bukorerwa buri ngeri z’abantu, ariko abakobwa n’abagore ni bo bibasirwa cyane kurusha abandi n’ubwo nabo bari mu byiciro bitandukanye. Ibyo byiciro twavuga nk’ abagore/abakobwa batanga serivisi za mobile money (Agents), Ibyamamare, abakora uburaya n’abandi.

Ingaruka rigira ku warikorewe

Nubwo ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo ryose rigira ingaruka ku warikorewe, irikorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga naryo rigira ingaruka kandi z’igihe kirekire, kuko ibyakozwe hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga akenshi ntibisibangana, igihe icyo aricyo cyose biba bishobora kugaruka. Zimwe muri zo zirimo kwitakariza icyizere, kwiheba, gufata umwanzuro wo kureka gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, kugira umuhangayiko ukabije, kwiyahura, kwiheza, kubura cyangwa gutakaza akazi, kuva mu ishuri n’izindi.

Ni ikibazo gihangayikishije

Ubuyobozi bwa RWAMREC busanga ikibazo cy’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rikorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga gihangayikishije, kubera umuvuduko w’ikoreshwa rya murandasi n’ikoranabuhanga muri rusange, ku buryo hatagize igikorwa abahohoterwa bakomeza guhura n’akaga gakomeye.

Birashoboka kuryirinda

Kimwe mu ntwaro yafasha abantu kwirinda iryo hohoterwa ni ukugira ubumenyi mu bijyanye no gukoresha ibikoresho ikoranabuhanga, bukaba bwafasha abarikoresha guhagarika ushatse kuribakorera, kumenya uko bagira amakuru yabo ibanga ku bikoresho byabo by’ikoranabuhanga.

Haracyari icyuho mu mategeko

Haracyari icyuho mu mategeko ahana ibyaha by’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rikorerwa ku ikoranabuhanga, kubera ko nta tegeko ryihariye rihana iryo hohoterwa, ku buryo hakenewe impinduka mu mategeko, hakabaho itegeko ryihariye ribivugaho.