Kubera iki Urubyiruko rwo mu Rwanda rutinya gutangira ubushabitsi?
Mu myaka ishize, u Rwanda rwagiye rushyira imbaraga mu guteza imbere ubucuruzi n’ishoramari, cyane cyane rugaragaza ko urubyiruko ari rwo shingiro ry’ahazaza h’Igihugu. Gahunda zitandukanye za Leta n’abikorera zashyizweho hagamijwe gufasha abasore n’inkumi gutekereza ku mishinga ifitiye igihugu n’ubuzima bwabo akamaro.
Ariko nubwo ibi byose bihari, urubyiruko rwinshi ruracyatinya gutangira ubushabitsi; bamwe batekereza cyane ariko ntibateye intambwe yo kubishyira mu bikorwa. Iyi nkuru iribanda ku mpamvu nyamukuru zitera iki kibazo, uko bigaragara mu buzima bwa buri munsi, ndetse n’amajwi y’abatuye mu nzego zitandukanye.
1. Igishoro: Inzitizi ikigaragara kandi ikomeye
Benshi mu rubyiruko bafite ibitekerezo byiza, ariko babura igishoro cyo kubiteza imbere. Nubwo hari gahunda za Leta zifasha abashaka gutangira imishinga nka BDF, SAEMR, kandi hari amabanki atanga inguzanyo, hari ikibazo gikomeye cy’uko benshi mu rubyiruko baba badafite ingwate zo gutanga cyangwa ntibamenye uko babisaba.
Niyonsenga Jean Pierre, umusore w’imyaka 24 wo mu karere ka Huye mu kiganiro na Rotorovizeri, yagize ati: “Nari mfite igitekerezo cyo gukora umushinga wo gutunganya umutobe w’imbuto, ariko banki yansabye ingwate nyamara ntayo mfite. Nta n’uwo nayisaba mu muryango. Bihita bintera gucika intege, nkumva nsubiriye inyuma.”
Ibi bituma bamwe bahitamo gushaka akazi ahandi cyangwa bakaryama ku bitekerezo byabo.
Iki kibazo cyemezwa na Minisitiri w’Urubyiruko n’Umuco, Dr. Abdallah Utumatwishima, uvuga ko ikibazo atari inguzanyo gusa, ahubwo ari no kumenya kuyikoresha neza. Agira ati “Urubyiruko rufite ibitekerezo, ariko tugomba kurufasha kubibyaza umusaruro. Ibigo by’imari bikwiye gushaka uburyo bworoshye bwo gutanga inguzanyo zidafite imbogamizi ziremereye, urubyiruko na rwo rukiga uburyo bwo gucunga neza igishoro ruhabwa,”.
2. Gutinya guhomba
Uretse ikibazo cy’igishoro, hari indi mpamvu ikomeye ituma urubyiruko rutinya gutangira: gutinya guhomba. Mu muco nyarwanda, gutsindwa bifatwa nk’icyasha, si nko mu bindi bihugu aho bifatwa nk’ishuri ry’ubuzima. Abantu bahabwa isomo ryo gukomera iyo babonye uwo byaguyemo akongera akagerageza. Mukeshimana Liliane, umukobwa wo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, yigeze gutangira gucuruza imyenda ariko biramunanira. Agira ati “Nacuruje amezi atatu, sinunguka. Abantu barambwiye ngo naguye mu cyobo cy’abacuruzi. Nyuma nabuze uko nongera gutangira, umutima urampunga,”.
Ni ikibazo cy’inyito n’imyumvire, nk’uko Guverineri w’Intara y’Amajyepfo, Alice Kayitesi, abisobanura. Agira ati” “Gutsindwa si iherezo ry’ubuzima. Mu bushabitsi, gutsindwa ni isomo. Gukomeza kugerageza ni byo bitanga intsinzi. Iyo urubyiruko rutinya kugerageza kubera ibitekerezo byo hanze, rutakaza amahirwe.”
3. Gushaka akazi ko mu biro
Ikindi gituma benshi badakora ubushabitsi ni imyumvire yo gushaka akazi gakorerwa mu biro ka buri kwezi. Urubyiruko rwinshi rufata kwambara ikote no kwicara mu biro nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko wahiriwe mu buzima. Iyi myumvire ituma benshi badashaka inzira zibasabye kwihangana no guhangana n’inzitizi.
Clare Akamanzi, wigeze kuba Umuyobozi mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Iterambere (RDB), yavuze ko igihugu kidashobora kwiyubaka gisigaye gitegereje ko abakozi bahembwa n’ukwezi bakiyongera. Yagize ati: “U Rwanda rukeneye abashabitsi batanga akazi. Ubushabitsi ni bwo bushobora kubaka ubukungu buhamye mu buhinzi, mu nganda, mu bukerarugendo no mu ikoranabuhanga. Ntidushobora kuzamura ubukungu dufite abakozi benshi kurusha abatanga akazi,”.
4. Ikibazo cy’ubumenyi
Hari kandi ikibazo cy’ubumenyi. Nubwo amashuri akomeye mu Rwanda yigisha ubucuruzi, abenshi mu banyeshuri ntibahabwa uburyo bwo kubishyira mu bikorwa mu buzima busanzwe. Uwase Clarisse, wiga ubucuruzi muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, avuga ko hari icyuho gikomeye hagati y’ibyo bigishwa n’ibyo isoko rikeneye.
Mu kiganiro na ROTOROVIZERI yagize ati“Mu ishuri twigishwa kwandika business plan ku mpapuro, ariko ntitwigishwa uko twabishyira mu bikorwa ku isoko nyaryo. Ibyo byose tubyiga dutangiye gukora, rimwe na rimwe tukisanga twaguye mu makosa”.
5. Igitutu cy’umuryango
Kandi igitutu cy’imiryango kigira uruhare runini muri iki kibazo. Ababyeyi bamwe baracyafata ubushabitsi nk’ikintu kitagira aho kigeza umuntu, cyane ku mwana wize amashuri menshi. Murekatete, umubyeyi wo mu karere ka Ruhango, avuga ko adashaka kubona umwana we ajya mu bucuruzi kandi yarize amashuri ye.
Agira ati” “Umwana yiga imyaka yose ngo ajye mu isoko? Oya. Ndashaka kumubona mu biro. Ubucuruzi nta kintu kirimo.” Gusa iyi myumvire iragenda ihinduka buhoro buhoro, nubwo ikiri inzira ndende.
Dr. Jean Chrysostome Ngabitsinze, wigeze kuba Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, yigeze gusaba ababyeyi guhindura imyumvire. Yagize ati “Nimureke guca intege abana banyu. Ubucuruzi si ibintu by’abantu batize. Ni umurimo ukomeye, kandi ni wo ushobora gutanga amahirwe kurusha akazi gasanzwe,”.
Nubwo uru rugendo rukiri rurerure, hari icyizere. Urubyiruko rufite imbaraga, ibitekerezo, n’ubushake. Guhindura imyumvire, koroshya uburyo bwo kubona igishoro, kongera ubumenyi bushingiye ku bikorwa, no guha umuryango ubushobozi bwo gushyigikira abana babo ni yo nzira yo guhindura ibintu.
Iyo urubyiruko rutangiranye imbaraga, igihugu nacyo kirahaguruka. Iyo ruretse ubwoba n’amaganya bikaganza umutima wabo,nta kizere cy’ejo hazaza kiba kigihari. U Rwanda ruzabona abashabitsi benshi mu myaka iri imbere, ariko byose bitangirira ku guhitamo kumenya ko no gutsindwa ari inzira y’ubutwari.
